But this did not bother the Aztecs. Not only were they very clever people, but they had every faith that their main god  had sent them to the swampy shores of Lake Texcoco, so obviously this place was perfect for them.  

They adapted to their environment.  They built canoes, so they could fish and hunt birds that lived near the water. They created floating gardens for growing food. They created more land for agriculture by filling in the marshes. They built dikes to hold back the water. 

After they settled in, they began to conquer the neighboring tribes. They conquered first one tribe, and then another, and then another. 

Each conquered tribe had to pay tribute to the Aztecs in the form of food, clothing, jewels, and of course, captives to feed the hungry gods. That made the Aztecs very happy and very rich.

The Aztecs expanded and expanded until they had built an empire.  

One day, around 1500 CE, Spanish soldiers arrived in the Valley of Mexico. They were amazed at what they saw. 

One soldier said, “There were soldiers among us who had been in many parts of the world, in Constantinople and Rome and all over Italy, who said that they had never before seen a market place so large and so filled with people.” 

The Spanish conquered the Aztecs. The arrival of the Spanish brought guns, horses, huge fighting dogs, and disease. Because the Aztecs were such fierce warriors, they might have had a slim chance of survival against guns and horses and huge fighting dogs. But they had no defense against disease. They had never been exposed to childhood diseases like measles. Many became ill once the Spanish arrived; many died.